Microfluidic devices for efficient blood plasma separation are critical tools in medical diagnostics and disease research, enabling downstream analysis from minute samples. This study specifically investigated the enhancement of the cell-free layer (CFL), a key determinant of separation efficiency and plasma purity, within four novel passive microchannel geometries. These designs featured symmetrical sinusoidal expansions and contractions, leveraging secondary flows to manipulate red blood cell (RBC) trajectories. A rigorously validated Eulerian-Lagrangian multiphase Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach was employed to model the complex dynamics of RBCs suspended in plasma at physiological hematocrits. Simulations demonstrated that a targeted reduction in the minimum width of the sinusoidal contraction zone significantly enhanced CFL formation adjacent to the channel walls. Quantitatively, narrower throats produced a thicker and more stable CFL. Furthermore, this enhanced CFL development correlated strongly with a consequential increase in wall shear stress, localized specifically within the critical throat region. These findings, linking contraction geometry to CFL magnitude and stress profiles, clearly identify the geometric optimization of sinusoidal contraction features as a promising and effective strategy for designing next-generation, high-performance passive plasma separation microchannels, potentially improving yield for point-of-care devices.

Introduction: The right use of blood is necessary because of the high cost of correct blood screening, blood grouping, and cross match. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the rate of the reserved and cross matched blood before elective surgeries which were done in Bahman 22nd Hospital. It also aims at evaluating the standard guideline for ordering blood.Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study from 1380 to 1388 that evaluates evaluating 6145 files of the patients hospitalized in 22 Bahman 22nd Hospital for surgery during the years of 1380 to 1388. The elective operations include General surgery, Gynecology, orthopedic, ENT, Urology and Neurosurgery. The number of patients, the number of reserved and cross matched units and the number of transfused units was recorded for each group of patients collected in each groups. Finally, the number of reserved blood units in that period of time and in each group was compared with the standard guideline. Also the number of transfused blood units was evaluated. The ratio of cross matched to transfused blood units lower than 2.5 was considered as standard. And The obtained data were analyzed, using with SPSS.Results: A total of 1557 blood units of blood were reserved for 772 patients.1305 units (66.47%) were cross matched, but just 126 units (8.1%) were transfused. The effective factors in increasing the possibility of transfusion were the ages<20 & >80 years old, Hb £ 12, the type of surgery and the surgeon. Although after the application of the guidelines in1385, there was 64.44% decrease in the rate of cross matching rate due to the decrease in the number of patients who were cross matched, but the average of cross matched units for each patient did not change. The total of C/T index of the hospital decreased from 14.1 to 3.7.Conclusion: The appropriate correct blood reserving can decrease the unnecessary blood reserves, lower the pressure on blood banking centers and prevent blood wastage.

Introduction: This study aimed, effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on soft tissue healing after mandibular third molar surgery. Materials & Methods: In this semi-blinded clinical trial study, 30 selected patients requiring surgical extraction of soft tissue impacted mandibular third molar participated from cases referred to the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan Azad University 2017. Patients divided into both test and control groups. PRP was placed in the extracted socket of the test group, whereas the control group had no PRP. Arzhangian standard kit utilized for preparation of PRP. The outcome variables in this study were pain, swelling, inter incisal mouth opening, wound dehiscence, dry socket, bleeding, and tissue color. The collected data analyzed using statistical tests followed independent T-test, Mann-Whitney, and fisher (p value < 0. 05). Results: The mean postoperative pain score (Visual Analog Scale) lowered for the test group after several wound dehiscence on the third and seventh days after surgery which was statistically significant (p value < 0. 001). Although the mean bleeding time on the third day after surgery decreased in the test group, this difference was not statistically significant (p value = 0. 59). There were no statistically significant between both groups for The dry socket incidence on the seventh day and the mean of inter incisal mouth opening in the third and seventh days after surgery as well. Conclusion: The usage of topical PRP has beneficial advantages on soft tissue healing after mandibular third molar surgery. Unlike the control group, The PRP group provided reduced pain and better soft tissue healing.

Background: There are variefy of purification techniques for separation of human plasma proteins such as salting out, ion exchange chromatography and ethanol fractionation. There are limitations for each method, for example in salting out method, the salt has to be removed in an additional step. Ion exchange chromatography is difficult for scaling up, and plasma fractionation is a time consuming method and it needs machinery and plants. In the present study the fractionation of human plasma by polyethylene glycol was investigated.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of the fractionation of human plasma by polyethylene glycol.Materials and Methods: Human plasma fractionation was carried out by using polyethylene glycol with different concentrations from five to twenty percent, followed by centrifugation. After centrifugation the supernatant was used for further fractionation by addition of a higher concentration of polyethylene glycol.Results: Suitable intermediate sources for protein purification were obtained by fractionation of human plasma by polyethylene glycol. Fibrinogen in fraction 5%, IgG and IgM in fraction 10%, IgA in fraction 20%, and finally albumin and a1- Antitrypsin in supernatant 20% of polyethylene glycol were achieved.Conclusions: By our study we could obtain four different fractions as intermediate sources for protein purification which cannot be easily obtained from plasma fractionation by cold ethanol fractionation.

In recent years, plasma treatments have presented good results since they offer high-tech efficiency with low waste generation. One of the most important characteristics of plasma methods is their action only on a thin surface layer, whereas the bulk of sample remains unchanged and the modified material keeps its chemical and mechanical properties. In this research, polyurethane membrane surface was modified by low-frequency plasma grafting with methacrylic acid and acrylamide monomers to alter solution-diffusion mechanism. We chose different parameters of plasma treatment and studied their effects toward maximum solubility, permeation, and selectivity. The grafting on the surfaces was characterized by water contact angle measurement and atomic force microscopy. After confirming a successful grafting, we studied the effect of surface modification on permeation of CH4 and CO2. Significant increase in CO2 permeation and about 32 percent increase in CO2/CH4 selectivity were observed. Better results were obtained for low powers and acrylamide grafted surface.

A numerical simulation method is employed to investigate the effect of the steady multiple plasma body forces on the flow field of stalled NACA 0015 airfoil. The plasma body forces created by multiple Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) actuators are modeled with a phenomenological plasma method coupled with 2-dimensional compressible turbulent flow equations. The body force distribution is assumed to vary linearly in the triangular region around theactuator. The equations are solved using adual-timeimplicit finite volume method on unstructured grids. In this paper, the responses of the separated flow field to the effects of single and multiple DBD actuators over the broad range of angles of attack (90− 300) are studied. The effects of the actuators positions on the flow field are also investigated. It is shown that the DBD have a significant effect on flow separation control in low Reynolds number aerodynamics.